Chen Yilong: The lightweighting of commercial vehicles does not rely solely on materials

“In fact, the biggest obstacle to China’s commercial vehicle technology development is overloading! We have been plagued by overloading for a long time. The automakers have continuously produced cars that can be overloaded to meet the requirements of users, which seriously hindered technological progress.” This was recently held in Beijing. At the seminar on the development of commercial vehicles in China, Mr. Chen Yilong, the chairman of the Expert Committee of the Automotive Lightweight Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance of the China Automotive Engineering Society, uttered a loud voice. The opinion expressed by this expert is that the lightweighting of commercial vehicles is not achieved only by the light weight of materials, and many social and technical issues need to be resolved.

Compared with European cars, China's passenger vehicles weigh 5 to 10% more than commercial vehicles, and commercial vehicles weigh 17% more. This is not only a current reality, but also means more fuel consumption, more carbon dioxide emissions, and more. Low load rate.

“In the past, our overloaded vehicles, axles can be overloaded, the beam can be overloaded, but the brakes can not be overloaded, because the space is limited, and the more inefficient it is to overload the brakes.” Chen Yilong said, “Now people gradually realize that , relying on overloading does not solve the problem of earning money."

Chen Yilong introduced that the current European automotive industry has reached a consensus: to achieve the European carbon dioxide emission control goals in 2020 is based on miniaturization and lighter weight, rather than electric vehicles, because at least so far electric vehicles still have a lot of uncertainty.

A set of research data shows that the impact of the weight reduction rate of commercial vehicles on fuel consumption can be calculated by reducing the self-weight by 10% and the fuel consumption by 4.8%. According to such a ratio, by 2020, China's commercial vehicles will be able to lose 20% to 25% of their weight compared to 2007. Based on the vehicle ownership at that time, it will save 25 to 30 million tons of fuel each year. This is a considerable number.

So, does it mean that as some people think, mentioning the lightweighting of cars is a matter of material? Chen Yilong's answer is negative and considers this to be an extremely wrong view.

"Looking at lightweighting as a material supply problem is the result of China's involvement in reverse design, imitation, and localization, and it is currently the main technical bottleneck that hinders the improvement of China's lighter weight levels." Chen Yilong said bluntly. He believes that vehicle lightweighting is an integration of design, manufacturing, and materials technologies. It must be the result of coordinated efforts among various technical personnel. Lightweighting is a parallel project. For example, if one group of designers is only responsible for the design of the braking system and the other group of designers is only responsible for the design of the steering system, and each system requires a bracket, then at least two brackets are required. If you can coordinate in the design process, consider combining the two brackets into one enough.

He explained the weight reduction of 1400 kg of Dongfeng tractors as an example. The structural optimization accounted for 19%, the optimized function configuration accounted for 40%, the two items accounted for 59%, and the real new material technology accounted for only 41%. Chen Yilong believes that new materials and new processes have to be configured by design. The reason why many new materials cannot be used is that people in the automotive industry are not involved in the opinions, and no designers have joined the project.

From the connotation of lightweight technology, it is necessary to integrate structural optimization design, multi-materials, and various manufacturing technologies to achieve product weight reduction while satisfying product functional requirements and cost control conditions. According to the case of lightweight doors of the Mercedes-Benz sedan in 2007, after comprehensive consideration of lightweight optimization, the weight of the entire vehicle was reduced by 1 kg, the cost was reduced by 15%, and the collision safety was also improved. This is a typical case of lightweight optimization.

Although structural design is the leader and material manufacturing technology is the foundation in light-weight technology integration applications, material technology is still of crucial importance. For example, in the application of aluminum alloy, a 16-meter aluminum alloy low-profile trailer produced by a domestic automobile modification factory is all aluminum. At that time, their first single business was exactly where the user came from. Users asked manufacturers can not produce aluminum alloy trailer? Manufacturers say that the production of such a car is too expensive, probably sold to 200,000 yuan. The user said that 200,000 yuan is cheaper because it has lost 3.4 to 4.2 tons, and a weight reduction of 4 tons means that it can earn 400,000 yuan more. And after the car is scrapped, it can be recycled, and it's still quite cost-effective.

Chen Yilong said: "If the weight loss to this extent, although the cost of car purchases has increased, but the user is still willing to accept. Because you actually let him make money, not lose money."

When it comes to the deep meaning of vehicle weight reduction, Chen Yilong believes that it is entirely understandable for domestic companies to adopt the strategy for product development and market share. However, attention must be paid to not halting independent development. The in-depth significance of auto lightening is to improve independent research and development. Ability and increase competitiveness.

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