Copper is the people's livelihood important non-ferrous metals, having a conductivity, thermal conductivity, tensile, wear-resistant properties, are widely used in electrical, electronic, daily necessities, machinery, transportation, and other fields. In the past ten years, the ore dressing workers have carried out a lot of research work on various copper mines, copper-bearing polymetallic ore and copper smelting slag, especially low-grade and complex refractory copper resources, in the optimization of beneficiation process and large-scale equipment selection. New progress has been made in the comprehensive recovery of associated valuable components, the improvement of the secondary copper resources comprehensive utilization technology, the development and application of high-efficiency and low-toxic new mineral processing chemicals, and the reduction of mineral processing costs.
In the grinding stage, the concentrating plant always adheres to the principle of “breaking more and grinding less, grinding and grindingâ€, and develops and optimizes new equipment and new technology for energy saving. With the continuous reduction of copper ore grade, the old ore dressing plant improves the crushing and screening efficiency, increases the pre- screening equipment before grinding, increases the filling rate of the ball mill , improves the classification efficiency of the cyclone, and adopts automation on the basis of the traditional crushing and grinding process. Control systems and other means have improved the grinding efficiency and achieved the goal of saving energy and reducing the cost of mineral processing. The application of SABC process (semi-self-grinding + ball milling + hard stone crushing) in domestic large-scale concentrating plant, HPGR grinding process (high-pressure roller crushing) in the copper ore grinding process research and application is also gradually expanding.
The ore process mineralogy research plays an important role in the development of the beneficiation process and analysis to find problems in production. In recent years, many researches on process mineralogy have been carried out on copper, copper polymetallic ore and copper smelting slag, which are low-grade, complicated and difficult to handle, and have a close relationship with each other, which has promoted the research on the combined process of combining metallurgy and various mineral processing methods. And application.
With the continuous mining of copper resources, the ore grade of the selected ore is gradually reduced. Each concentrating plant has achieved the improvement of production index and economic benefit by optimizing the grinding and floating process, expanding the production scale and reducing the cost of mineral processing. In order to fully recover the valuable components such as gold, silver and sulfur in the copper ore, the low alkalinity copper-sulfur separation process is further applied to industrial production. The research and application of re-election-flotation combined process has also made great progress. The recovery of shale and carbonaceous copper mines, in addition to the traditional “pre-dewatering (decarburization)-flotation†process, flotation-re-election The joint process and the research of new inhibitors have also achieved certain results.
There are many kinds of copper oxide minerals, and some copper oxides have high oxidation rate, strong hydrophilicity, high mud content, and many useful components, so the difficulty of flotation increases. Different types of copper oxide ore have different flotation properties, and the flocculation method is mostly used for the treatment of copper oxide ore. At present, the treatment methods of copper oxide ore mainly include: flotation flotation method, direct flotation method, pretreatment-flotation method and flotation-leaching method. In general, vulcanization flotation is suitable for carbonate-bearing copper oxide ore, such as malachite, azurite, ortho-copper, etc.; direct flotation method includes organic acid flotation and amine collector flotation, suitable for gangue silicate or an oxide of copper flotation of lead zinc oxide; pretreatment - flotation and flotation - multi-leaching method can not effectively applies a single flotation recovery of copper oxide ores, such as silicon peacock The refractory copper oxide ore with high stone content and close symbiosis, but due to complicated process and high ore dressing cost, it restricts its wide range of industrial applications. At present, this process is only used in the recovery of difficult-to-treat high-grade copper oxide ore. Applications.
The copper-containing polymetallic ore mainly includes copper-lead-zinc polymetallic ore, copper- molybdenum ore, copper-zinc ore, copper- bismuth ore, copper- nickel ore, and the like. Such ore is often complicated by the complex composition of minerals, the symbiotic relationship between minerals, and the small difference in floatability between metal minerals, which makes flotation separation difficult. The flotation research of this kind of ore is mostly concentrated on the new process of separation of copper from lead and zinc, molybdenum and niobium, and nickel-sulfur minerals, and the application of new chemicals, and has obtained new scientific and technological achievements.
At present, China's annual output of copper smelting slag is 11 million tons, and the amount of copper-containing metal is 275,000 tons. The treatment methods of copper smelting slag mainly include fire depletion, wet leaching and beneficiation enrichment. Both desulfurization and wet leaching are caused by high cost, complicated process, serious environmental pollution, and less industrial application. Although the ore dressing enrichment method requires a large area of ​​slag slow cooling field and high capital investment, copper and associated gold and silver High recovery rate, low energy consumption, low cost, large-scale industrial applications, and significant benefits. The domestic enterprises that use the ore-concentration method to recover copper, gold and silver in copper smelting slag mainly include Baiyin Nonferrous Metals Group, Jiangxi Copper Group, Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group, Daye Nonferrous Metals Group and Xiangguang Copper Group.
In the field of pharmaceutical research, the research on copper sulfide ore flotation collectors mainly focuses on improving the collection capacity, selectivity and comprehensive recovery of precious gold. A collector with good selectivity to iron sulfide minerals and strong affinity for copper sulfide minerals, which can achieve low-basic flotation separation of copper and sulfur, and maximize the comprehensive recovery of copper sulfide ore. A valuable element such as copper, gold or silver. Xanthate is the most routine collection of copper sulfide ore flotation and can be used in combination with other selective collectors. Peony and thiourethane are also important copper sulfide collectors. Other commonly used collectors are xanthate esters, sulfur nitrogen esters, hydroxamic acids, and the like. The xanthate ester has low solubility in water, and has high activity for flotation of copper, zinc, molybdenum and other sulfide ore, precipitated copper, isolated copper, etc. It is a highly selective collector, xanthate ester The dosage is mixed with a water-soluble collector to improve the efficacy, reduce the dosage, and improve the selectivity. The new sulfur nitrogen esters are DMDC (dimethyl dithiocarbamate), dimethyl dithio amino-carbonyl butyl ester and dimethyl dithio amino-carbonyl ethyl ester, etc. Strong ability to capture copper, weak ability to capture pyrite and unactivated sphalerite, can be used for copper and sulfur separation; new type of thiourethane mainly ECTC (ethoxycarbonylthiocarbamic acid) Ester), this kind of collector has strong ability to capture copper, has weak ability to collect pyrite, and has low PH value. It is a good collector for copper and sulfur separation. The new collector IOETCT (ethoxycarbonyl thio-carbamic acid isooctyl ester) can effectively float copper under low alkalinity conditions, while improving the recovery rate of gold and silver. The QF collector is a collector containing a thiocarbonyl functional group and has a strong ability to capture minerals such as natural gold and chalcopyrite.
New composite flotation reagents CSU-21, CSU-31, CSU-A, A2, J622, BJ-306, BK-330, AT-680, T-2K, 24K, PN405, MOS-2, ML, Mac-12 , PLQ1, WS, EP, KM109, etc. play a different role in the selection of different types of copper ore.
A lot of work has been done on domestic research on copper sulfide ore inhibitors. The choice of collectors is difficult to separate the useful minerals and gangue minerals effectively, or separate the useful minerals from each other. It is necessary to cooperate with the use of inhibitors to adjust the difference in floatability between minerals. The purpose of separating them effectively.
In recent years, synthetic alcohol and ether alcohol foaming agents have been substituted for natural foaming agents, and have certain advantages. In the future domestic foaming agent market, MIBC and ether alcohol foaming agents will have broader application prospects. In the international market, there will be foaming agents for sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon as well as foaming agents for polymer compounds. More and more new foaming agents will be used in mines. From the application and effect of the new foaming agent in production, the effect and adaptability of the mixed foaming agent is better than that of the single foaming agent.
In the chemical beneficiation of copper, the research and application of bioleaching technology is mainly carried out for low-grade copper sulfide ore. Foreign research and application in biological copper extraction technology started earlier. China's research on microbial mining technology began in the late 1960s. On the whole, although China's Anhui bioleaching research started late, it developed. quickly. Great progress has been made in basic theoretical research and industrial application. Future research will focus on the selection of leaching microorganisms, the adaptability of leaching microorganisms to complex leaching environments, microbial activity, thermodynamics, kinetics, electrochemical processes of microbial extraction processes, and engineering of microbial leaching techniques.
In recent years, the research and application of heap leaching technology abroad has become a hot spot in the field of mining and metallurgy. The heap immersion in the extraction of metals such as copper and gold has been successfully obtained industrial applications. At present, the focus of large-scale heap leaching operations is on the backing and lining systems and sprinkler systems that affect the environment and heap leaching effects, as well as related technologies for the permeability of the piles. With the advancement of science and technology and the development of the economy, the production and demand for copper products at home and abroad are increasing day by day. The heap leaching technology suitable for the collection of copper from poor ore, waste ore and complex mines in China will show great advantages and Broad development prospects.
For the treatment of copper ore dressing wastewater, foreign common precipitation, oxidation and electrodialysis, ion exchange, activated carbon adsorption, flotation and other methods, after treatment, the ore dressing wastewater reuse rate can be above 95%. However, domestic natural degradation, coagulation and sedimentation, neutralization, adsorption, oxidative decomposition and other methods are used, and the wastewater reuse rate is relatively low. The research in this technical field is still promising.
Mineral processing automation has become an equipment that modern concentrating plants must consider. In recent years, with the development of application physics and computer technology such as acoustics and optics, the research and application of mineral processing automation technology has made great progress, which has fundamentally changed the production of concentrator. Problems such as large operational errors, inefficient management, and unstable production indicators.
Finger Joint Cutter
TCT(tungsten carbide tipped) finger joint cutters are used on wood finger jointer in woodworking. Finger jointing cutter blades are usually available at stock, and can be delivered within 3-5 days. Commonly used sizes are 160x70x4.0-2T, 160x40x4.0-4T, and so on. For sizes, pls find from the bellow sheet.
Finger Joint Cutter
Finger Joint Shaper Cutter, Finger Joint Cutter Blade, TCT Finger Joint Cutter, Wood Finger Joint Cutter, TCT Cutting Blades For Finger Jointer
Zhengtong Special Material Factory Hi&New Tech Zone Chengdu , https://www.ztferre.com