The comprehensive utilization of used tires will help ease the shortage of rubber resources in China. However, at present, due to import restrictions and the shortage of used tires in China, the scale of industrial use of used tires has been restricted. At the same time, most of the industries are small and medium-sized enterprises, and they are not capable of technological transformation. If they only consider their own survival and less consider environmental protection factors, the efficiency of comprehensive utilization of resources is difficult to increase.
The 2014 Annual Meeting of China Tire Recycling Association was held in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. The reporter learned from the meeting that the lack of used tire resources and the serious environmental pollution in the production process have become the two “life gates†that hinder the development of the comprehensive utilization of used tires.
China is the world's largest consumer of rubber and its rubber consumption ranks first in the world for 12 consecutive years. At the same time, China is a country with extremely scarce rubber resources. Every year, more than 75% of natural rubber and more than 40% of synthetic rubber are imported, and the overall dependence on rubber resources far exceeds the national strategic resource security warning line. With the increasingly tense rubber resources, the comprehensive utilization of used tires will be vigorously promoted, which will help ease the shortage of rubber resources in China and reduce the degree of foreign dependence.
At present, China has formed four major business segments in the comprehensive utilization of used tire resources: First, renovation and remanufacturing of used tires; second, waste tires for the production of recycled rubber; third, waste tires for rubber powder production; and fourth, waste tire thermal cracking. According to incomplete statistics, in 2012, China produced 280 million waste tires, with a total weight of 10.18 million tons, ranking first in the world. The production of tires in China is only 14 million, and the rate of renovation is less than 5%. The output of recycled rubber is about 3.5 million tons, and the production of rubber powder is about 300,000 tons.
“Because of the serious shortage of rubber resources, the external dependence of industrial rubber in China is very high. The development of reclaimed rubber industry can not only make up for the shortage of rubber resources in China, but also relieve the high dependence on rubber resources in China.†Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Energy Saving Huang Jianzhong, deputy inspector of the Department of Comprehensive Utilization, spoke bluntly.
However, due to import restrictions and insufficient supply of used tires in China, the scale of the industry for used tires has been restricted. In 2009, ministries and commissions such as the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Commerce jointly issued the Catalogue for the Administration of Imported Waste, which clearly stipulates the strict management of the import of solid waste, and lists waste tires in the Catalogue of Prohibited Imported Goods. At present, China's old tires that can be used for refurbishment have restricted imports, and the quality inspection and customs departments follow up and strictly supervise the numbering of imported old tires.
Wang Yangzu, the former deputy director of the State Environmental Protection Administration, said that if he can use foreign waste tire resources to produce recycled rubber, the annual output can reach 3 million tons, which can supplement the gap in China's rubber resources by almost 50%. Waste tires are a kind of renewable resources that can be recycled. Foreign scrap tires have a low price, and introduction has economic value.
Zhu Jun, president of the China Tire Renovation and Recycling Association, said that each refurbishment of an old tire carcass that can be used for refurbishment is equivalent to saving 70% of the rubber used for the production of new tires.
"To conditionally allocate some renewable resources on the international market and encourage enterprises to import renewable resources on a conditional and conditional basis is an effective measure to effectively resolve the shortage of resources in China." Zhu Jun suggested that he hopes to appropriately expand imports of retreadable old tires. The scope of the pilot project will give full play to the role of rubber resources in the domestic and foreign markets.
However, while eager to expand the scale of the industry, the comprehensive utilization of used tires has had to face a grim reality. As the traditional reclaimed rubber production process is relatively backward, from the water and oil method to the dynamic desulfurization tank method, together with the use of coal tar as an auxiliary agent, a large amount of contaminated water and gas is discharged during the production process, which greatly affects the environment and human health. . In June 2013, over 300 reclaimed rubber production enterprises in Yutian, Hebei, were halted on a large scale due to pollution problems.
In order to solve the environmental problem, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology promulgated the “Entry Conditions for the Utilization of Waste Tire Comprehensive Utilization Industry†in July 2012 to eliminate outdated production capacity by improving access thresholds. The conditions stipulate that the enterprises that have already built waste tire processing and utilization, the annual comprehensive treatment capacity of waste tires shall not be less than 10,000 tons, and newly-built and rebuilt waste tire processing and utilization enterprises, and the annual comprehensive treatment capacity shall not be less than 20,000 tons. Nearly 90% of the companies in the industry currently have less than 10,000 tons of production capacity.
"Now 95% of companies are using dynamic desulphurization tanks. If enterprises continue to use traditional reclaimed rubber production processes to produce, they will certainly be eliminated by society." Zhu Jun said frankly.
On the whole, the entire industry is still in a “small, scattered, chaotic†situation. Most of them are small and medium-sized enterprises. They are not capable of technological transformation. If they only consider their own survival and do not consider environmental protection, the efficiency of comprehensive utilization of resources is difficult to increase. In this regard, Huang Jianzhong disclosed that the next step is to organize enterprises to carry out technological innovations, led by industry associations, establish technology alliances, carry out joint research between production, education and research, solve a difficult technical problem for the majority of companies, and establish an energy-saving service center. This kind of industry organization helps enterprises to make energy-saving and environmental-friendly technical diagnosis, overall process design, and help enterprises with a series of services such as technological research.
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