A zinc-iron metal ore plurality skarn deposits, mainly valuable recoverable metal is zinc and iron, can be integrated recovered precious metal is silver and indium. Through systematic rock and mineral identification, heavy sand identification, X-ray analysis, spectral analysis and chemical analysis, it is found that the ore contains the following metal minerals and gangue minerals:
Metallic minerals magnetite, sphalerite, hematite, hematite, limonite, pyrrhotite, pyrite, copper ore, bornite, chalcocite blue, malachite, arsenopyrite , native bismuth, bismuthinite, bismuthinite lead ore, molybdenite, galena and scheelite and so on.
Gangue minerals are calcium iron garnet, calcite, mica, amphibole, quartz, apatite, fluorite, zircon, chlorite, tremolite diopside and the like.
First, the nature of the ore
(1) Chemical analysis of main components of raw ore
The chemical analysis results of the main components of the ore are as follows [1] :
It can be seen that the main metals in the ore that meet the selected grades and can be recovered by the beneficiation method are zinc and iron; in addition, the comprehensive recovery of the rare metals silver and indium should be considered as much as possible, and they are enriched to zinc by flotation process. In the concentrate.
(2) Mineral structure and embedding characteristics
The main metal minerals to be recovered in the ore are sphalerite and magnetite. The structure and embedding characteristics are as follows:
(1) Magnetite: It is filled with self-shaped garnet particles by other shapes and semi-automorphic crystals, and a small amount is self-shaped; it can be seen that the magnetite is replaced by sphalerite, and sometimes the magnetite is seen. The pyrrhotite is metamorphosed in a crystalline form. The size of the magnetite inlay is mainly between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, and a small amount of impregnated material has a fine grain size, and it is difficult to fully dissociate in the range of economic grinding fineness.
(2) Sphalerite: It is filled with the shape of the crystal in the gap of the self-shaped garnet particles, which is obviously controlled by the gap formed by the gangue minerals, and is distributed in the shape of particles on the edge of the magnetite or with pyrrhotite. Chalcopyrite symbiosis. The size of the sphalerite inlay is mainly between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, and the individual particles are larger than 1 mm. In general, the sphalerite ingot has a medium and fine particle size and is easy to dissociate from the monomer.
Second, the test study of mineral processing conditions
The optional study adopts the principle of floating first and then magnetic principle, that is, the flotation process is used to produce qualified zinc concentrate, and the rare metal silver and indium are enriched into the zinc concentrate, and the weak magnetic separation technology is adopted. High quality iron concentrate obtained from floating zinc tailings.
(1) Test of zinc rough selection conditions
The zinc rough selection test mainly includes the conditions of grinding fineness, activator (CA) dosage, collector (ZC) dosage and foaming agent (GF) dosage. The effects of various parameters on the zinc grade and recovery of concentrates are shown in Figures 1(a), (b), (c), and (d).
The test results show that the new collector ZC has strong collection ability and good selectivity for sphalerite, and GF is used as a foaming agent to obtain excellent zinc separation index.
The preferred conditions for the fineness of zinc rough grinding and the amount of related chemicals are as follows: grinding fineness -01074mm75%, ZC6215g/t, GF35g/t, CA200g/t.
Fig.1 Effect of grinding fineness and dosage on zinc grade and recovery of concentrate
(2) Influence of grinding fineness on grade of iron concentrate
On the basis of determining the optimization conditions of zinc rough selection, the influence of grinding fineness on the grade of subsequent weak magnetic iron ore concentrate was investigated. The effect of grinding fineness on the iron grade and recovery rate of iron concentrate is shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 2 Effect of grinding fineness on grade and recovery rate of iron concentrate
The test results show that with the increase of grinding fineness, the iron grade and recovery rate of iron concentrate gradually increase slightly. According to the manufacturer's requirements, under the premise of obtaining qualified zinc concentrate and iron concentrate, the grinding cost should be reduced as much as possible, and the production cost should be reduced. Therefore, the fineness of the floating-magnetic process is finally set to -01074mm75%.
(3) Closed circuit test
The closed-circuit test process is shown in Figure 3, and the sorting indicators are shown in Table 1.
Figure 3 closed circuit test process
Table 1 Closed-circuit test sorting indicators
It can be seen from Table 1 that the closed-circuit test has achieved excellent sorting indicators. The zinc grade and recovery rate of zinc concentrate are as high as 59.19% and 98.06%, respectively; the iron grade and recovery rate of iron concentrate are 65.30% and 66.62%, respectively.
Third, the conclusion
Through the preliminary material composition study and process parameter optimization test of an iron-zinc polymetallic ore, the following conclusions are obtained:
1. The size of the sphalerite inlay is mainly between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, the individual particles are larger than 1 mm, the inlaid grain size is medium and fine, and the monomer is easily dissociated; the magnetite inlay particle size is mainly between 0.1 and 0.5. Between mm, a small amount of impregnated material has a fine grain size, and it is difficult to fully dissociate in the range of economic grinding fineness.
2. The new collector ZC has strong collection ability and good selectivity for sphalerite. Combined with GF as foaming agent, it can obtain excellent enrichment and sorting index for sphalerite.
3, using the principle of floating first and then magnetic principle, closed-circuit test has obtained excellent sorting indicators. The zinc grade and recovery of zinc concentrate are as high as 59.19% and 98.06% respectively; silver and indium are enriched in zinc concentrate with grades of 339g/t and 122g/t, respectively, and the recovery rates are 96.28% and 71.32%, respectively; The grade and recovery rate of iron ore is 65.30% and 66.62%, respectively.
references:
[1] Yang Jiuliu 1 Research report on the selectivity of a certain iron-zinc mine [R]1 Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 20041
[2] Yang Jiuliu 1 Research Report on the Selectivity of a Highly Oxidized Silver Ore[R]1 Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 20031
[3] Yang Jiuliu 1 Experimental study on beneficiation process of a bismuth-zinc-iron polymetallic ore (II) [J]1 Non-ferrous metals (mineralization), 2004 (1): 5-71
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