Xu Chaozhe 1 Yuan Ping 1 Wang Guijiang 1 Lu Fengliang 1 Chen Zhifei 1 Wang Xiangdong 1 Wei Lingyun 2 Zhou Guoliang 1 Cha Liwen 1 Jin Jing 1 (. Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau 2 (1) 1352 PLA Defense Academy) Good sealing effect under 2CKpa pressure after 24 hours The pressure is only increased by 5% 15%. The pump system is powerful, 30% can be decompressed for 5 minutes, and 75% can be decompressed with 35mm, and at least 70% of the fumigant can be reused. In the process of decompression and fumigation, the temperature in the warehouse can be controlled. The circulation system can maintain the distribution of fumigants in the fumigation warehouse, and has a unique device. It can accurately detect the fumigation agent in the fumigation storehouse by ordinary heat conduction halogen analyzer. concentration.
Fumigation treatment is the most commonly used technique for phytosanitary treatment. Under normal conditions, the effect of fumigation is determined by the ambient temperature of the fumigation space, the concentration of the fumigant in the fumigation space and the time of the fumigant action. Under normal pressure conditions, although pests are sensitive to fumigants, fumigation effects are often unsatisfactory due to the 1:2(1)4-damaging effect of the product itself, such as borers, pine wood nematodes, and scale insects. Decompression fumigation is an effective method to solve this problem. The so-called decompression fumigation (vacuum fumigation) refers to a fumigation method of removing part of the air in the fumigation space before the fumigant is introduced. The main principle of decompression fumigation is to increase the permeability of the fumigant. Under the condition of negative pressure, the fumigant penetrates into the interior of the fumigated object, thereby killing its internal harmful organisms. Decompression fumigation can also greatly shorten the processing time and the use of fumigant. It needs 12~24h fumigation treatment under normal pressure. Under decompression conditions, we only need to design and produce XMG-35 fumigation library. . The XMG-35 Heavy Duty Reactor has functions such as decompression fumigation and fumigation gas reuse. In the process of decompression and re-steaming, the temperature in the warehouse can be controlled. The circulating system can maintain the even distribution of fumigant in the fumigation warehouse, and has a unique device that can accurately detect the concentration of fumigant in the fumigation warehouse. Composition of 1XMG-35 fumigation library 1.1 Mechanical part 1 Main part of fumigation library: The fumigation library consists of two identical warehouses, A and B. The main bodies are double-walled carbon steel structures with a net weight of 31.5t each. Size is 6mX2.4mX24m (similar to the inner diameter of a standard container) Outdoor size is 6. About 35m3, the design pressure withstand capacity is a 2 fumigation door: There is a sliding door at both ends of the fumigation storehouse, compressed air is used to squeeze Press to keep the door closed and automatically close or open.
3 pump system: Japan imported vacuum pump, the pump system has a stable operation, low noise, high reliability characteristics.
4 other mechanical components: vacuum generator, pressure gauge, valves (including pilot valve, filter pressure reducing valve and vacuum valve).
1.2 Other parts: main control system, gas circulation system, temperature control system, temperature detection system, and fumigant detection system.
2 Features of the fumigation store 2.1 Control system The control system can control the opening and closing of each valve and vacuum pump. The pressure required for decompression fumigation, the gas circulation in the storehouse, the fumigation time, the transfer of residual fumigant and toxic gas can be arbitrarily set. For outdoor emissions, the whole fumigation process can be completed in the control room except for the administration of drugs and concentration testing.
2.2 Powerful pump function When the vacuum pump system is turned on, the vacuum pump can pump the air in the A library or B library to the outside, and the pressure in the 5min A and B libraries can be reduced to 75. 8min, respectively. To the requirements of 25Kpa, for general depressurization fumigation, the pressure in the reservoir can be reduced to 70Kpa. The power consumed by fumigation at each decompression is about 2~3Kw. Therefore, this fumigation store has the characteristics of fast depressurization and low energy consumption.
2.3 The tightness of the fumigation warehouse A, B two library pressure to 20Kpa, 24h pressure only plus 5% ~ 15% A library average pressure recovery rate of about 47pa / h, B library average pressure recovery rate of about 167pa / 2.4 fumigation Reuse of the agent After the fumigation is completed, the residual methane gas can be transferred from one fumigation space to another using a vacuum pump system. In the case of no supply of air, more than 75% of residual gas can be transferred within 30 minutes. In the case of supply of air, more than 87% of residual gas can be transferred within 60 minutes. In the case of comprehensive factors such as fumigation costs and environmental protection, the actual work At least 70% of the fumigant can be reused.
2.5 Fumigant Detection System The thermal conductivity halogen detector can work properly when the internal and external pressures are in equilibrium. This system uses a miniature vacuum sampler. Before sampling, the pressure inside the sampler is pumped to near vacuum, and the sampler is connected to the fumigation store. After the pressure reaches equilibrium, the pressure in the sampler is returned to normal pressure, and the thermal conduction halogen detector can work normally.
After testing, the average number of total errors between the concentration of methyl bromide and the actual dosage displayed on the thermal conductivity halogen detector is 2.6. The air circulation system A and B are depressurized to 25 Kpa. After being put into the methyl bromide 50 g/m3, they are not recycled. Before, the difference between the average concentration of the upper and lower points is great. After five minutes of circulation using the dynamic cardiopulmonary bypass method, the upper point average concentration was 48.75 g/m3 and the lower point average concentration was 51 g/m3. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of methyl bromide between the upper and lower points, and the gas components in the reservoir were maintained. Uniform. 2.7 Temperature Control System This system is connected to the hot water boiler. When the temperature in the fumigation tank is lower than the set temperature, the boiler will automatically burn, and the hot water will be discharged into the jacket of the fumigation warehouse, so that the temperature inside the warehouse will be kept constant. Reduces the influence of temperature on the fumigation effect. 3 Discussion As an important means of phytosanitary treatment, research on vacuum fumigation at home and abroad has been conducted for nearly half a century, and a large amount of data has been accumulated. In the developed countries, vacuum fumigation libraries have been widely used in phytosanitary treatments. Under the vacuum condition, the gas distribution in the fumigation space is uniform, the detection of the fumigant concentration and the temperature control is always a problem. 3. After the unremitting efforts of the researchers in this project, the XMG-35 vacuum fumigation library basically solved the above problems.
In the vacuum environment, the diffusion rate of methyl bromide is much slower than the normal pressure environment. The use of certain methods to evenly distribute the fumigant is the decompression fumigation. Many of the objects of the decompression fumigation are products that are more sensitive to the fumigant, and the fumigation time Only between 2 and 4 hours, uneven distribution of fumigant can cause serious injury to the product and affect the treatment effect. The detection of the concentration of fumigation space and the control of temperature are also effective means to improve the treatment effect and reduce the damage of the drug to the product.
Prior to the study of alternative products, the continued use of methyl bromide is still a trend, and reducing the emission of methyl bromide is a practical method to control the environmental pollution of methyl bromide. Compared with traditional methods for reducing emissions of methyl bromide, this study has the characteristics of high speed, low cost, and simple operation. In the actual application process, the repeated utilization of methyl bromide residual gas is preferably 60% to 70%, because an excessively high transfer rate will lead to a rapid increase in operating costs. How to reduce the emission of methyl bromide in larger proportions at low cost requires further study.
XMG-35 will be used for the quarantine research of other relatively low-cost quarantine treatments for import and export products that cannot achieve good results. The main varieties targeted are fruits, vegetables, flowers, seedlings, and other products that may carry borers. Most of these products are quite sensitive to fumigants. The sensitivity of different types of products is not the same. Even if the sensitivity of different varieties of the same species is very different, foreign relevant research data can only be used and cannot be used directly. It is necessary to do some basic research on a wide range of import and export products.
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