Zhang Xiaogang, general manager of Anshan Iron and Steel Company: It is not the best stage for the integration of the steel industry.

The best time for major transformations in China’s steel industry will come when the market reflects repeated overcapacity, when fierce competition officially begins, and when less competitive companies start experiencing losses or even shut down. This is a critical phase that every industry must go through to achieve long-term sustainability. Ten years ago, Anshan Iron and Steel was the leading player in China's steel sector, but it now ranks fifth. However, Zhang Xiaogang, deputy to the National People's Congress and general manager of Anshan Iron and Steel Group, remains optimistic. "I am confident that Anshan Iron and Steel can return to its former position within 3 to 5 years," he said during an exclusive interview. Zhang, who took office as general manager just over a year ago, has already initiated significant strategic shifts at Angang. From his early days as a chief engineer to his current role, he has led the company through a period of transformation. One of the key strategies this year is to focus on regional layout. In addition to its Anshan base, Anshan Iron and Steel now operates two other steel bases: Yingkou Bayuquan and Beijing Chaoyang. Originally planned to be completed by the end of the year, the Bayuquan project was accelerated to July due to strong market demand. This move is expected to turn a projected loss of 2 billion yuan into a profit of 2 billion yuan. Zhang also revealed plans to establish a cold rolling plant with a Fujian-based steel company, with results expected within two months. Even if this deal falls through, Fujian remains a target for future expansion, part of Angang’s broader strategic deployment. Industry observers are closely watching the potential merger between Anshan and Benxi Iron & Steel. If successful, Anshan would move up to the top tier of China’s steel industry. According to Benxi’s general manager, there will be a concrete plan after the Two Sessions. Although the Benxi merger has been delayed, Anshan has not slowed down its consolidation efforts. It is currently in talks to merge with another listed steel company, though details remain confidential. The integration process is already underway. Despite these expansions, Zhang has rejected offers from smaller steel companies and their upstream/downstream partners, emphasizing that the priority is to focus on core business and optimize the company’s layout. Looking ahead, Zhang hinted that the next steel mill could be built overseas. “We’re exploring opportunities abroad,” he said, adding that the process is both challenging and time-consuming. Beyond domestic expansion, Zhang has also pursued international collaborations. He believes that to climb higher, you need to climb with others. His approach involves partnering with global leaders in various ancillary industries. For example, Anshan’s refractory company partnered with Wei Suwei, a world leader, on a 50-50 basis. Their joint factory will start operations in August. Similarly, the steel wire factory is negotiating with Bekaert, while the electric company is working with GE. Not all partnerships have succeeded—negotiations with Stollberger failed—but Anshan is already reaching out to other top-tier companies. Zhang emphasizes that these collaborations are part of a learning process. “If successful, we will continue to expand; if not, we’ll adapt.” He believes that the best time for industry integration is not now, when profits are high, but when the market becomes more competitive and weaker players face losses. He warns that any risk in the current hot market could lead to overcapacity and investment losses. “The current boom won’t last forever,” he said. “In two years, the market will see the peak of profits.” Finally, Zhang stresses that building new steel plants domestically is too risky. That’s why Anshan is looking overseas for growth. “We’re exploring new opportunities, but the process is long and challenging.”

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